Uso de pictogramas como recurso facilitador de la comunicación en niños con trastornos del espectro autista

dc.contributor.advisorVega, Dalila
dc.creatorRodríguez Pinilla, Libia Pamela
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-28T16:04:18Z
dc.date.available2026-04-28T16:04:18Z
dc.date.issued2025-03-15
dc.descriptionThe main objective of this thesis is to analyze the impact of pictograms on the communication of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To this end, a qualitative, descriptive, and non-experimental methodology is used, allowing for a detailed exploration of each participant's experiences and perceptions without directly intervening in their environment. The sample consisted of four special education teachers and ten students with ASD. The instruments used were semi structured interviews with the teachers and observation checklists to evaluate the students' interaction with and use of pictograms. The study concludes that the use of pictograms is consolidated as a fundamental pedagogical and communication technique for improving the social interaction of children with ASD at the IPHE (Panamanian Institute for Special Education) in Chitré. Through visual aids, specifically pictograms, students gain a better understanding of their environment. This allows them to express their basic needs, emotions, and preferences more effectively. It also helps them follow instructions more clearly, leading to greater participation in both academic and social activities. This process significantly reduces frustration, anxiety, and disruptive behaviors in the classroom, as it provides students with a structured understanding of what will happen next.
dc.description.abstractEl objetivo principal de esta tesis es analizar el impacto de los pictogramas en la comunicación de los estudiantes con TEA. Este estudio, incorpora una metodología cualitativa, de tipo descriptivo y no experimental, que permite explorar de forma detallada las experiencias y las percepciones de cada participante sin intervenir, directamente, en el entorno en donde asiste. La muestra se conforma por cuatro (4) docentes de educación especial y diez (10) alumnos con TEA. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron entrevistas semiestructuradas a los docentes y listas de observación para evaluar la interacción y el uso de pictogramas por parte de los estudiantes. Se concluye que el uso de pictogramas se consolida como una técnica pedagógica y de comunicación que es fundamental para mejorar la interacción social de los niños que presentan TEA en el IPHE de Chitré. A través de los apoyos visuales, es decir, los pictogramas se facilita la comprensión del entorno y, por lo tanto, va a permitir que el estudiante pueda llegar a expresar sus necesidades básicas, emociones y preferencias de una manera más eficaz, de esta misma forma se contribuye a que el niño pueda seguir instrucciones con mayor claridad y, por eso, va a participar en las actividades académicas y también las sociales. A través de este proceso se reduce de manera significativa los niveles de frustración, ansiedad y conductas disruptivas, que alteran el aula, ya que, se les brinda la posibilidad de que puedan saber qué es lo que va a suceder de una forma estructurada.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe main objective of this thesis is to analyze the impact of pictograms on the communication of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To this end, a qualitative, descriptive, and non-experimental methodology is used, allowing for a detailed exploration of each participant's experiences and perceptions without directly intervening in their environment. The sample consisted of four special education teachers and ten students with ASD. The instruments used were semi structured interviews with the teachers and observation checklists to evaluate the students' interaction with and use of pictograms. The study concludes that the use of pictograms is consolidated as a fundamental pedagogical and communication technique for improving the social interaction of children with ASD at the IPHE (Panamanian Institute for Special Education) in Chitré. Through visual aids, specifically pictograms, students gain a better understanding of their environment. This allows them to express their basic needs, emotions, and preferences more effectively. It also helps them follow instructions more clearly, leading to greater participation in both academic and social activities. This process significantly reduces frustration, anxiety, and disruptive behaviors in the classroom, as it provides students with a structured understanding of what will happen next.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.format.extent127 páginas
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio2.udelas.ac.pa/handle/123456789/1640
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Especializada de las Américas
dc.relation.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.subjectapoyo visual
dc.subjectautismo
dc.subjectcomunicación
dc.subjectdocentes
dc.subjectestudiantes
dc.subjectimpacto
dc.subjectpictogramas
dc.subjectvisual support
dc.subjectautism
dc.subjectcommunication
dc.subjectteachers
dc.subjectstudents
dc.subjectimpact
dc.subjectpictograms
dc.titleUso de pictogramas como recurso facilitador de la comunicación en niños con trastornos del espectro autista
dc.title.alternativeEstudio realizado en el IPHE de Chitré - Herrera
dc.typeThesis
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/updatedVersion
repositorio.trabajodegrado.carreraLicenciatura en Educación Especial
repositorio.trabajodegrado.facultadFacultad de Educación Especial y Pedagogía
repositorio.trabajodegrado.sedePanamá
repositorio.trabajodegrado.tipoTesis - Licenciatura

Files

Original bundle

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
Libia Pamela Rodríguez Pinilla.pdf
Size:
1.06 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format

License bundle

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description: