Recursos didácticos aplicables para enseñar sustracción. Estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual. Escuela Llano Grande Arriba

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dc.contributor.advisorMoreno, Jessy
dc.creatorElizondo, Joselyn
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-06T16:26:57Z
dc.date.available2026-04-06T16:26:57Z
dc.date.issued2026-03-15
dc.descriptionThe research entitled Applicable Didactic Resources for Teaching Subtraction. Students with Intellectual Disabilities. Llano Grande Arriba School aims to analyze the use of different materials and didactic strategies aimed at facilitating the learning of subtraction in students with intellectual disabilities. The general objective is to verify the applicability of didactic resources for teaching subtraction to fifth-grade students with intellectual disabilities who attend Llano Grande Arriba School.The specific objectives are, first, to determine the difficulties in subtraction presented by fifth-grade students with intellectual disabilities; second, to describe which types of didactic resources are applicable to strengthen the teaching of subtraction in this group; and finally, to verify the manifestations of improvement in the students’ mathematical performance after the application of the selected didactic resources.The methodology used corresponds to an action-research design with an observational approach. According to its orientation, the study is qualitative, as it allows understanding learning processes through direct experience; and according to its scope, it is descriptive, since it focuses on characterizing difficulties, the resources used, and evidence of improvement. The population consisted of five (5) fifth-grade students with intellectual disabilities enrolled at Llano Grande Arriba School, and field observation sheets were used for data collection.The results of the research showed notable improvements in the students’ understanding of the subtraction operation.
dc.description.abstractLa investigación denominada: Recursos didácticos aplicables para enseñar sustracción. Estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual. Escuela Llano Grande Arriba, tiene como propósito analizar el uso de diferentes materiales y estrategias didácticas orientadas a facilitar el aprendizaje de la sustracción en estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual. El objetivo general consiste en comprobar la aplicabilidad de los recursos didácticos para la enseñanza de la sustracción en estudiantes de quinto grado con discapacidad intelectual que asisten a la Escuela Llano Grande Arriba. Los objetivos específicos plantean, en primer lugar, determinar cuáles son las dificultades en la sustracción que presentan los estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual de quinto grado; en segundo lugar, describir qué tipos de recursos didácticos son aplicables para fortalecer la enseñanza de la sustracción en este grupo; y, finalmente, verificar cuáles son las manifestaciones de mejora en el desempeño matemático de los estudiantes luego de la aplicación de los recursos didácticos seleccionados. La metodología utilizada corresponde a un diseño de investigación-acción, de carácter observacional. Según su enfoque, el estudio es cualitativo, ya que permite comprender los procesos de aprendizaje desde la experiencia directa; y según su alcance es descriptivo, debido a que se centra en caracterizar dificultades, recursos utilizados y evidencias de mejora. La población estuvo conformada por cinco (5) estudiantes de quinto grado con discapacidad intelectual que forman parte de la matrícula de la Escuela Llano Grande Arriba y, para la recolección de los datos se emplearon hojas de observación de campo. Los resultados de la investigación mostraron mejoras notables en la comprensión de la operación de sustracción.
dc.description.sponsorshipThe research entitled Applicable Didactic Resources for Teaching Subtraction. Students with Intellectual Disabilities. Llano Grande Arriba School aims to analyze the use of different materials and didactic strategies aimed at facilitating the learning of subtraction in students with intellectual disabilities. The general objective is to verify the applicability of didactic resources for teaching subtraction to fifth-grade students with intellectual disabilities who attend Llano Grande Arriba School.The specific objectives are, first, to determine the difficulties in subtraction presented by fifth-grade students with intellectual disabilities; second, to describe which types of didactic resources are applicable to strengthen the teaching of subtraction in this group; and finally, to verify the manifestations of improvement in the students’ mathematical performance after the application of the selected didactic resources.The methodology used corresponds to an action-research design with an observational approach. According to its orientation, the study is qualitative, as it allows understanding learning processes through direct experience; and according to its scope, it is descriptive, since it focuses on characterizing difficulties, the resources used, and evidence of improvement. The population consisted of five (5) fifth-grade students with intellectual disabilities enrolled at Llano Grande Arriba School, and field observation sheets were used for data collection.The results of the research showed notable improvements in the students’ understanding of the subtraction operation.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.format.extent134 páginas
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio2.udelas.ac.pa/handle/123456789/1592
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Especializada de las Américas
dc.relation.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.subjectcomprensión numérica
dc.subjectdiscapacidad intelectual
dc.subjectdificultades
dc.subjectmaterial manipulativo
dc.subjectmemoria a corto plazo
dc.subjectrecursos didácticos
dc.subjectsustracción
dc.subjectdidactic resources
dc.subjectdifficulties
dc.subjectintellectual disability
dc.subjectmanipulative material
dc.subjectnumerical understanding
dc.subjectshort-term memory
dc.subjectsubtraction
dc.titleRecursos didácticos aplicables para enseñar sustracción. Estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual. Escuela Llano Grande Arriba
dc.typeThesis
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/updatedVersion
repositorio.trabajodegrado.carreraLicenciatura en Educación Especial
repositorio.trabajodegrado.facultadFacultad de Educación Especial y Pedagogía
repositorio.trabajodegrado.sedePanamá
repositorio.trabajodegrado.tipoTesis - Licenciatura

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